Overview
| Agent | Bacteria: brucella abortus (biovar 1-6,9) brucella melitensis (biovar 1-3), Brucella suis (biovar 1-5), Brucella canis. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incubation | 5-60 days (1-2 months). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Period of communicability | No person-to-person transmission. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reservoir | Cattle, goats, sheep, swine. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modes of transmission | -Consumption of unpasteurized milk and milk products. -Contact with skin breaks with infected animal tissues (placenta, abortion…) -Airborne in pens, stables, laboratories, abattoirs. |
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| Clinical | Systematic bacterial infection, with irregular fever. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Worldwide | Worldwide, in particular in Mediterranean region. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lebanon | Endemic with seasonal pattern in summer. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Control objective | Control. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National figures. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Figure 1: Annual incidence of brucellosis, Lebanon, 1997-2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| International figures (Source: Dean AS, Crump L, Greter H, Schelling E, Zinsstag J (2012) Global Burden of Human Brucellosis: A Systematic Review of Disease Frequency. PLoS NeglTrop Dis 6(10): e1865. Doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001865) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Table 1: Annual incidence of Brucellosis in selected countries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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